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If two or more devices use the same IRQ, the processor does not know which device is asking for attention. This causes a hardware conflict. Direct Memory Access Similarly, the data required by the device is stored in a specific place or address in memory called the Direct Memory Access (DMA). The DMA provides a dedicated channel for adapter cards to bypass the microprocessor and access memory directly. If two or more devices use the same DMA, the data required by one device overwrites the data required by the other, causing a hardware conflict. Plug and Play With Plug and Play and the operating system, avoiding hardware conflicts is easy. Plug and Play is a computer standard that helps the system BIOS (basic input/output system) and the operating system to automatically assign system resources to Plug and Play-compliant devices. In theory, if every device connected to the computer is Plug and Play-compliant, no two devices will compete for the same system resources. Plug in the device and turn on your computer. The operating system is automatically set up to accommodate the new device. If Something Goes Wrong If Something Goes Wrong Resolving a hardware conflict If you install an older (legacy) device that the operating system cannot recognize, the operating system may have difficulty assigning resources to it. As a result, a hardware conflict can occur. Resolving conflicts There are several things you can do to resolve hardware conflicts: . Get the most recent drivers from the manufacturer. . Disable the device. For an older device, remove it from the computer. . Disable another system component and use its resources for the new device. See “Fixing a problem with Device Manager” on page 200. . Reconfigure the device so that its requirements do not conflict. Refer to the device’s documentation for instructions about changing settings on the device. Fixing a problem with Device Manager Device Manager provides a way to check and change the configuration of a device. Changing the default settings using Device Manager can cause other conflicts that make one or more devices unusable. Device Manager is a configuration tool for advanced users who understand configuration parameters and the ramifications of changing them. If Something Goes Wrong If Something Goes Wrong Resolving a hardware conflict Disabling a device 1 Open the Start menu, and click Control Panel, then click Performance and Maintenance. 2 Click the Administrative Tools icon. 3 Double-click Computer Management, then click Device Manager. 4 Select the specific device from the device category. To expand a device category, double-click the category. 5 In the toolbar, look to the far right for an icon of a monitor with a strike mark through a circle on the front. This is the disable feature. 6 Click the icon. You are given the option of disabling the device. 7 Cli...

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