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executable file—A computer program that is ready to run. Application programs and batch files are examples of executable files. Names of executable files usually end with a .bat or .exe extension. expansion device—A device that connects to a computer to expand its capabilities. Other names for an expansion device are port expander, port replicator, docking station, or network adapter. extension—See file extension. external device—See device. Glossary Glossary F G H file—A collection of related information, saved on disk with a unique name. A file may be a program, information used by a program, or a document. See also document. File Allocation Table (FAT)—The section of a storage drive that keeps track of the location of stored files. file name—A set of characters that uniquely identifies a file within a particular folder. It consists of two parts: the actual name and the file name extension. See also file extension. file extension—The three characters following the period (pronounced “dot”) at the end of a file name. The extension indicates the type of file. Examples are .exe for program files and .hlp for help files. See also file name. folder—Also called directory. A container for organizing files saved to a disk. A folder is symbolized on screen by a graphical image (icon) of a file folder. A folder can contain files and other folders. format—(verb) To prepare a blank disk for use with the computer’s operating system. Formatting creates a structure on the disk so the operating system can write information to the disk or read information from it. frontside bus—The primary pathway (bus) between the CPU and the computer’s main memory. Also called “system bus.” See also bus. function keys—The keys labeled F1 through F12, typically located on the keyboard. Their function is determined by the operating system and/or individual programs. ground—A conductor to which all components of an electric circuit are connected. It has a potential of zero (0) volts, is connected to the earth, and is the point of reference for voltages in the circuit. hard disk—A storage device composed of a rigid platter or platters that can be magnetically coded with data. Hard disks hold much more information than some external media and are used for long-term storage of programs and data. The primary (or only) hard disk in a computer is usually fixed, but some computers have secondary hard disks that are removable. hardware—The physical components of a computer system. Compare software. Glossary Glossary I K L HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface)—An interface used to transmit high quality audio and video signal via a single cable in digital format, providing better picture quality than analog signal. HDMI-CEC (HDMI Consumer Electronics Control)—One A/V component can control another while using this function, if connected with HDMI cables. See also HDMI. Hibernation—A feature of many Toshiba computers that saves to the internal storage drive the current state of you...

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