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Active-matrix displays are viewable from wider angles than most passive-matrix displays. adapter — A device that provides a compatible connection between two units. For example, the computer’s internal display adapter receives information from the software and translates it into images on the screen. An adapter can take a number of forms, from a microprocessor to a simple connector. An intelligent adapter (one that is capable of doing some processing) may also be called a controller. alternating current (AC) — The type of power usually supplied to residential and commercial wall outlets. AC reverses its direction at regular intervals. Compare direct current (DC). Glossary Glossary application — A computer program that you use to perform tasks of a specific type. Applications include word processors, spreadsheets, and database management systems. See also program. B backup — A copy of a file, usually on a removable disk, kept in case the original file is lost or damaged. basic input/output system (BIOS) — See BIOS. baud rate — The speed at which a communication device, such as a printer or modem, transmits information. Baud rate is the number of signal changes per second (not necessarily the same as bits per second). See also bits per second. BIOS (basic input/output system) — Basic instructions, stored in read- only memory (ROM), containing the information the computer needs to check hardware and load the operating system when you start up the computer. bits per second (bps) — A way of measuring the speed at which information is passed between two devices. This is the basic unit of measure used in modem communications, and is similar, but not identical, to the baud rate. See also baud rate. boot — To start the computer. The term “boot” originates from bootstrap program (as in “pulling itself up by its bootstraps”), a program that loads and initializes the operating system. See also reboot. boot disk — See system disk. boot priority (startup sequence) — The order in which the computer accesses its internal storage drives to locate the startup files. Under the default startup sequence, the computer looks for the startup files in the diskette drive before checking the internal storage drive. bus — An electrical circuit that connects the central processing unit (CPU) with other parts of the computer, such as the video adapter, disk drives, and ports. It is the pathway through which data flows from one device to another. See also bus speed, frontside bus. bus speed — The speed at which the central processing unit (CPU) communicates with the other parts of the computer. cache — A section of very fast memory in which frequently used information is duplicated for quick access. Accessing data from cache is faster than accessing it from the computer’s main memory. See also CPU cache, L1 cache, L2 cache. Glossary Glossary CD — An individual compact disc. See also CD...

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